Experts Address Human Rights Challenges Arising from the Use of New and Emerging Technologies in Law Enforcement

20 November 2023

During a two-day workshop on the application and potential misuse of new and emerging digital technologies, including in law enforcement and the management of peaceful assemblies, academics, law enforcement professionals, human rights lawyers and representatives from international organizations and civil society focused on how best human rights can be protected.

The workshop – jointly organized with the UN Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association, the Queen Mary University of London and the University of Essex, with the support of the UN Office of Drugs and Crime and the Office of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights – is part of our work on human rights and new technologies, and a broader consultative process led by the UN Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association.

‘I’ve been mandated by the UN Human Rights Council to develop practical tools to help law enforcement officials protect and promote human rights during peaceful protests. This latest global workshop focused on identifying and gathering law enforcement practices on the use and misuse of technologies in the context of policing peaceful assemblies, and how to ensure their use complies with international human rights law and standards in such contexts’ explains the UN Special Rapporteur Clément Voule.

‘There is currently no clear global framework and a clear gap on national level for regulating the use of digital technologies in the context of peaceful assemblies. The tools I am developing are intended to address this regulatory shortcoming by providing clear guidelines for Law Enforcement to use these technologies for the facilitation of protests, rather than their suppression’ he adds.

‘When new and emerging digital technologies – especially those developed in the military space – spill over into law enforcement, serious human rights challenges emerge. Examples include the misuse of video and online surveillance and the collection and retention of personal data. This can have a chilling effect on public discourse and further marginalize groups like LGBTQI+, underlines our Head of Research and Policy Studies Dr Erica Harper.

‘For our purpose, the outcomes of this workshop will also be documented in a forthcoming paper that will address the implications of the latest advancements in surveillance monitoring technology, especially the transfer of military technologies to civilian policing’ she adds.

Surveillance, Privacy and Data Protection

Workshop participants delved into issues related to the collection, processing and retention of personal data by law enforcement. Key concerns included the growing role of third parties in the handling of personal data and the need for clear distinction between covert and overt surveillance and for ensuring human rights safeguards. The blurred lines between 'online' and 'offline' events were also highlighted, with a call for effective legislative regulations and independent oversight bodies to ensure the transparent and accountable use of technology by law enforcement.

The Engagement of Young Persons in Peaceful Assemblies

The workshop underscored the significance of considering the engagement of young persons in peaceful assemblies, emphasizing the use of social media platforms by children and youth to mobilize and report on social movements. As such, policing strategies concerning young participants should be sensitive to age-specific protection needs.

Using Emerging Technologies to Document Abuses and Advance Accountability

Discussions highlighted how emerging technologies, such as the livestreaming of events on social media platforms, can also empower participants in peaceful assemblies to document the conduct of law enforcement thereby contributing to advancing accountability for human rights violations by law enforcement, and noted the tendency of certain public authorities to attempt to stifle freedom of expression in this context. Participants recognized the importance of addressing these challenges to ensure that citizens can report on, and create a record of, the conduct of officials in public settings.

MORE ON THIS THEMATIC AREA

MENA Training GHRP News

Strengthening MENA Engagement with UN Human Rights Mechanisms: Second Edition of our Tailored Training

24 July 2025

Participants from six countries across the Middle East and North Africa region joined our customized training on the Geneva-based United Nations human rights mechanisms

Read more

Mô Bleeker News

UNSG Special Adviser Mô Bleeker Becomes Senior Fellow at the Geneva Academy

15 April 2025

Mô Bleeker, UNSG Special Adviser on the Responsibility to Protect, shares how her work as Senior Fellow at the Geneva Academy contributes to our shared goals.

Read more

Digital Globe Event

AI and Human RIghts: Risks and Promises - Panel at the 2025 LATSIS Symposium

10 September 2025, 16:30-17:45

This Human Rights Conversation will explore how AI is being used by human rights institutions to enhance the efficiency, scope, and impact of monitoring and implementation frameworks.

Read more

A general view of participants during of the 33nd ordinary session of the Human Rights Council. Training

The Universal Periodic Review and the UN Human Rights System: Raising the Bar on Accountability

10-14 November 2025

This training course will explore the origin and evolution of the Universal Periodic Review (UPR) and its functioning in Geneva and will focus on the nature of implementation of the UPR recommendations at the national level.

Read more

Project

Follow-up Review Pilot Series

Started in November 2021

Read more

Sign: National Human Rights Commission of Nepal Project

Local Implementation of Global Human Rights

Started in May 2020

The Geneva Human Rights Platform collaborates with a series of actors to reflect on the implementation of international human rights norms at the local level and propose solutions to improve uptake of recommendations and decisions taken by Geneva-based human rights bodies at the local level.

Read more

Cover of the 2023 Geneva Academy Annual Report Publication

Annual Report 2024

published on July 2025

Read more

Cover of the publication Publication

Briefing N° 25: Localizing Multilateralism

published on March 2025

Domenico Zipoli, Ludovica Chiussi Curzi, Kamelia Kemileva

Read more